Vascular effects of ginseng compounds

In the review it has been systematized data on the vascular effects of ginsenosides in vivo. It has been shown that ginsenosides increase a tolerance of isolated arteries to oxidative stress, hypoxia-reoxigenation, homocysteine and other pathogenic factors. It has been performed an analysis published works on the effects of triterpene saponines on the NO synthesis in the isolated endothelial cells, a proliferation of these cells, an apoptosis of endotheliocytes, a secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor by endothelial cells. It was exhibited data on the potency of ginsenosides to inhibit a proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. It has been discussed a molecular mechanisms of triterpene saponines action, their interaction with steroid hormone receptors, proteinkinases, NO-synthase, guanilyl cyclase, K _Ca-channels, Ca²⁺-channels.