Effect of ultradisperse TiO₂, ZrO₂, and cryolite powders on high-chromium cast iron hardening

The quantitative parameters of structural-phase state of Fe–27% Cr–2% Ni–2.8% C cast iron are determined via X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy before and after adding ultradisperse TiO₂, ZrO₂ and cryolite powders. The contributions from individual physical mechanisms in increasing the yield stress of cast irons are quantitatively assessed. It is established that the main contribution to the durability of modified Fe–27% Cr–2% Ni–2.8% C cast iron come from solid-solution, dispersion, and grain-boundary mechanisms of hardening.