Abstract
A high-intensity metal ribbon ion beam was generated using plasma immersion extraction and the acceleration of the metal ions with their subsequent ballistic focusing using a cylindrical grid electrode under a repetitively pulsed bias. To generate the dense metal plasma flow, two water-cooled vacuum arc evaporators with Ti cathodes were used. The ion current density reached 43 mA/cm 2 at the arc discharge current of 130 A. High-intensity ion implantation (HIII)with a low ion energy ribbon beam was used for the surface modification of the aluminium. The irradiation fluence was changed from 1.5 × 10 20 ion/cm 2 to 4 × 10 20 ion/cm 2 with a corresponding increase in the implantation temperature from 623 to 823 K. The structure and composition of the Ti-implanted aluminium were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). The mechanical properties and wear resistance were measured using nanoindentation and “pin-on-disk” testing, respectively. It was shown that the HIII method can be used to form a deep intermetallic Al 3 Ti layer. It has been established that a thin (0.4 μm)modified layer with a hcp Ti(Al)structure is only formed on the surface at 623 K, while the formation of the ordered Al 3 Ti intermetallic phase occurs at the implantation temperatures of 723 and 823 K. Despite the significant ion sputtering of the surface, the thickness of the modified layer increases from ~1 μm to ~6 μm, and the implantation temperature rises from 723 to 823 K. It was found that the homogeneous intermetallic Al 3 Ti layer with a thickness of up to 5 μm was formed at 823 К. The mechanical and tribological properties of the aluminium were substantially improved after HIII. For the Ti-implanted aluminium, the hardness of the surface layer increases from 0.4 GPa (undoped Al)to 3.5–4 GPa, while the wear resistance increases by more than an order of magnitude.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1-8 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Surface and Coatings Technology |
| Volume | 372 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 25 Aug 2019 |
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Keywords
- Aluminium
- Intermetallics
- Ion implantation
- Ribbon ion beam
- Surface modification
- Titanium
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemistry(all)
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Surfaces and Interfaces
- Surfaces, Coatings and Films
- Materials Chemistry
Cite this
Surface modification of Al by high-intensity low-energy Ti-ion implantation : Microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties. / Ryabchikov, A. I.; Kashkarov, E. B.; Shevelev, A. E.; Obrosov, A.; Sivin, D. O.
In: Surface and Coatings Technology, Vol. 372, 25.08.2019, p. 1-8.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Surface modification of Al by high-intensity low-energy Ti-ion implantation
T2 - Microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties
AU - Ryabchikov, A. I.
AU - Kashkarov, E. B.
AU - Shevelev, A. E.
AU - Obrosov, A.
AU - Sivin, D. O.
PY - 2019/8/25
Y1 - 2019/8/25
N2 - A high-intensity metal ribbon ion beam was generated using plasma immersion extraction and the acceleration of the metal ions with their subsequent ballistic focusing using a cylindrical grid electrode under a repetitively pulsed bias. To generate the dense metal plasma flow, two water-cooled vacuum arc evaporators with Ti cathodes were used. The ion current density reached 43 mA/cm 2 at the arc discharge current of 130 A. High-intensity ion implantation (HIII)with a low ion energy ribbon beam was used for the surface modification of the aluminium. The irradiation fluence was changed from 1.5 × 10 20 ion/cm 2 to 4 × 10 20 ion/cm 2 with a corresponding increase in the implantation temperature from 623 to 823 K. The structure and composition of the Ti-implanted aluminium were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). The mechanical properties and wear resistance were measured using nanoindentation and “pin-on-disk” testing, respectively. It was shown that the HIII method can be used to form a deep intermetallic Al 3 Ti layer. It has been established that a thin (0.4 μm)modified layer with a hcp Ti(Al)structure is only formed on the surface at 623 K, while the formation of the ordered Al 3 Ti intermetallic phase occurs at the implantation temperatures of 723 and 823 K. Despite the significant ion sputtering of the surface, the thickness of the modified layer increases from ~1 μm to ~6 μm, and the implantation temperature rises from 723 to 823 K. It was found that the homogeneous intermetallic Al 3 Ti layer with a thickness of up to 5 μm was formed at 823 К. The mechanical and tribological properties of the aluminium were substantially improved after HIII. For the Ti-implanted aluminium, the hardness of the surface layer increases from 0.4 GPa (undoped Al)to 3.5–4 GPa, while the wear resistance increases by more than an order of magnitude.
AB - A high-intensity metal ribbon ion beam was generated using plasma immersion extraction and the acceleration of the metal ions with their subsequent ballistic focusing using a cylindrical grid electrode under a repetitively pulsed bias. To generate the dense metal plasma flow, two water-cooled vacuum arc evaporators with Ti cathodes were used. The ion current density reached 43 mA/cm 2 at the arc discharge current of 130 A. High-intensity ion implantation (HIII)with a low ion energy ribbon beam was used for the surface modification of the aluminium. The irradiation fluence was changed from 1.5 × 10 20 ion/cm 2 to 4 × 10 20 ion/cm 2 with a corresponding increase in the implantation temperature from 623 to 823 K. The structure and composition of the Ti-implanted aluminium were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). The mechanical properties and wear resistance were measured using nanoindentation and “pin-on-disk” testing, respectively. It was shown that the HIII method can be used to form a deep intermetallic Al 3 Ti layer. It has been established that a thin (0.4 μm)modified layer with a hcp Ti(Al)structure is only formed on the surface at 623 K, while the formation of the ordered Al 3 Ti intermetallic phase occurs at the implantation temperatures of 723 and 823 K. Despite the significant ion sputtering of the surface, the thickness of the modified layer increases from ~1 μm to ~6 μm, and the implantation temperature rises from 723 to 823 K. It was found that the homogeneous intermetallic Al 3 Ti layer with a thickness of up to 5 μm was formed at 823 К. The mechanical and tribological properties of the aluminium were substantially improved after HIII. For the Ti-implanted aluminium, the hardness of the surface layer increases from 0.4 GPa (undoped Al)to 3.5–4 GPa, while the wear resistance increases by more than an order of magnitude.
KW - Aluminium
KW - Intermetallics
KW - Ion implantation
KW - Ribbon ion beam
KW - Surface modification
KW - Titanium
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85065538819&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85065538819&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.05.020
DO - 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.05.020
M3 - Article
VL - 372
SP - 1
EP - 8
JO - Surface and Coatings Technology
JF - Surface and Coatings Technology
SN - 0257-8972
ER -