Study of X-ray diffraction from a surface acoustic wave in the grazing geometry with allowance for the curvature of the unperturbed crystal surface

Fresnel X-ray diffraction from a concave crystal surface in the presence of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) has been considered for grazing angles of incidence in noncoplanar symmetric Laue geometry. It is shown that the main peak and diffraction satellites are focused at different distances from a crystal. The effect of deviation from the Bragg angle, the spectral line width, and the SAW amplitude on the X-ray diffraction pattern has been analyzed. It is established that the contrast of an X-ray diffraction pattern of an SAW in Bragg-Laue grazing geometry is related to the character of irregularities of the crystal surface, and the pattern details depend on the measurement mode. The sensitivity of the method is about a nanometer. The focal image of the SAW serves as a scale landmark for determining the crystal surface characteristics.