Abstract
Even 85 years after their introduction in analytical chemistry by Nobel Prize winner professor Jaroslav Heyrovsky, mercury electrodes are still the best available sensors for voltammetric monitoring of trace amounts of electrochemically reducible inorganic and organic substances. Their main advantages (atomically smooth surface, easily renewable surface diminishing problems with passivation so frequently encountered with solid working electrodes and large potential window in cathodic region) usually overbalance their disadvantages (very limited anodic potential window, limited mechanical stability complicating their application for measuring in flowing media and unsubstantiated fears of their toxicity). Modern variants of mercury electrodes, namely hanging mercury drop electrode, in combination with pulse techniques or accumulation of the analyte on the surface of working electrode (electrochemical or adsorptive) enable to reach micromolar or even nanomolar limits of determination for electrochemically reducible substances. Recently, increasing attention is paid to their application for the determination of trace amount of genotoxic substances in both drinking and surface waters. In this chapter, practical applications of polarographic and voltammetric methods on mercury electrodes for the determination of trace amount of various chemical carcinogens (namely nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, electrochemically reducible heterocyclic compounds, etc.) in drinking water will be reviewed and compared with our most recent experimental results in this field. Advantages and disadvantages of various polarographic and voltammetric methods in this field will be critically evaluated. Attention will be paid to their combination with preliminary separation and preconcentration using liquid or solid phase extraction.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Progress on Drinking Water Research |
| Publisher | Nova Science Publishers, Inc. |
| Pages | 171-198 |
| Number of pages | 28 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9781616680893 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9781604567489 |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Jan 2009 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Chemical carcinogens
- Dropping mercury electrode
- Hanging mercury drop electrode
- Polarography
- Voltammetry
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Engineering(all)
- Environmental Science(all)
Cite this
Polarographic and voltammetric determination of genotoxic substances in drinking water using mercury electrodes. / Vyskocil, Vlastimil; Barek, Jirí; Jiranek, Ivan; Zima, Jirí.
Progress on Drinking Water Research. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2009. p. 171-198.Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter
}
TY - CHAP
T1 - Polarographic and voltammetric determination of genotoxic substances in drinking water using mercury electrodes
AU - Vyskocil, Vlastimil
AU - Barek, Jirí
AU - Jiranek, Ivan
AU - Zima, Jirí
PY - 2009/1/1
Y1 - 2009/1/1
N2 - Even 85 years after their introduction in analytical chemistry by Nobel Prize winner professor Jaroslav Heyrovsky, mercury electrodes are still the best available sensors for voltammetric monitoring of trace amounts of electrochemically reducible inorganic and organic substances. Their main advantages (atomically smooth surface, easily renewable surface diminishing problems with passivation so frequently encountered with solid working electrodes and large potential window in cathodic region) usually overbalance their disadvantages (very limited anodic potential window, limited mechanical stability complicating their application for measuring in flowing media and unsubstantiated fears of their toxicity). Modern variants of mercury electrodes, namely hanging mercury drop electrode, in combination with pulse techniques or accumulation of the analyte on the surface of working electrode (electrochemical or adsorptive) enable to reach micromolar or even nanomolar limits of determination for electrochemically reducible substances. Recently, increasing attention is paid to their application for the determination of trace amount of genotoxic substances in both drinking and surface waters. In this chapter, practical applications of polarographic and voltammetric methods on mercury electrodes for the determination of trace amount of various chemical carcinogens (namely nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, electrochemically reducible heterocyclic compounds, etc.) in drinking water will be reviewed and compared with our most recent experimental results in this field. Advantages and disadvantages of various polarographic and voltammetric methods in this field will be critically evaluated. Attention will be paid to their combination with preliminary separation and preconcentration using liquid or solid phase extraction.
AB - Even 85 years after their introduction in analytical chemistry by Nobel Prize winner professor Jaroslav Heyrovsky, mercury electrodes are still the best available sensors for voltammetric monitoring of trace amounts of electrochemically reducible inorganic and organic substances. Their main advantages (atomically smooth surface, easily renewable surface diminishing problems with passivation so frequently encountered with solid working electrodes and large potential window in cathodic region) usually overbalance their disadvantages (very limited anodic potential window, limited mechanical stability complicating their application for measuring in flowing media and unsubstantiated fears of their toxicity). Modern variants of mercury electrodes, namely hanging mercury drop electrode, in combination with pulse techniques or accumulation of the analyte on the surface of working electrode (electrochemical or adsorptive) enable to reach micromolar or even nanomolar limits of determination for electrochemically reducible substances. Recently, increasing attention is paid to their application for the determination of trace amount of genotoxic substances in both drinking and surface waters. In this chapter, practical applications of polarographic and voltammetric methods on mercury electrodes for the determination of trace amount of various chemical carcinogens (namely nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, electrochemically reducible heterocyclic compounds, etc.) in drinking water will be reviewed and compared with our most recent experimental results in this field. Advantages and disadvantages of various polarographic and voltammetric methods in this field will be critically evaluated. Attention will be paid to their combination with preliminary separation and preconcentration using liquid or solid phase extraction.
KW - Chemical carcinogens
KW - Dropping mercury electrode
KW - Hanging mercury drop electrode
KW - Polarography
KW - Voltammetry
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=70449733889&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=70449733889&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Chapter
SN - 9781604567489
SP - 171
EP - 198
BT - Progress on Drinking Water Research
PB - Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
ER -