Physiological mechanisms of motor coordination in athletes in unsupported position

The purpose of the present research was to consider physiological mechanisms of motor coordination in athletes in unsupported position. The character of dominating mechanisms taking part in its regulation depends on conditions of performance of motor action. Herewith, it is possible to allocate three types of factors and correspondingly three variants of dominating regulatory mechanisms. In conditions of maintenance of support and gravity the key mechanism of motor regulation is associated with optimization of the structure of motor act, using which nonmuscular forces join its dynamics, become the constituent of motor program. Concentration of muscle excitation in time and space is being formed, the periods of activity of working muscles involved in excitement decrease. The basic mechanisms forming coordinating abilities in these conditions are associated with vestibular analyzer. In conditions of lack of gravity while maintaining support not vestibular but visual analyzer plays the key role in regulation. Herewith, motor coordination skills mastered before recover quite quickly and effectively. The most complicated conditions are the ones lacking both gravity and correlation with support. Herewith, decrease of impulsation from vestibular apparatus is compensated by the intensified effect of the second type of pose reflexes - tonic cervical reflexes activated by cervical muscle spindles. Coordinating abilities in such conditions are formed most slowly and need special efforts.