Hydrogeochemistry of the hypergenesis zone

The average (clarke) contents of almost 50 chemical elements in underground waters of the main landscape zones of the Earth and in waters of the hypergenesis zone, as a whole, are given. The problem of equilibrium of underground waters with carbonate and aluminosilicate rocks as well as factors controlling the nature of a chemical environment, trends of rock weathering, and formation of compositions of geochemical water types are thoroughly considered. The scale of underground chemical output and its components are estimated on the basis of a new methodological approach. New ideas are developed that the water-rock system possesses a number of fundamental properties, including an information code. It is capable of geologically prolonged self-organization, continuous complication, and provides a basis for the development of the environment.