Abstract
BACKGROUND: The cardiac conduction system consists of the sinus node, nodal extensions, atrioventricular (AV) node, penetrating bundle, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers. Node-like AV ring tissue also exists at the AV junctions, and the right and left rings unite at the retroaortic node. The study aims were to (1) construct a 3-dimensional anatomical model of the AV rings and retroaortic node, (2) map electrical activation in the right ring and study its action potential characteristics, and (3) examine gene expression in the right ring and retroaortic node.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Three-dimensional reconstruction (based on magnetic resonance imaging, histology, and immunohistochemistry) showed the extent and organization of the specialized tissues (eg, how the AV rings form the right and left nodal extensions into the AV node). Multiextracellular electrode array and microelectrode mapping of isolated right ring preparations revealed robust spontaneous activity with characteristic diastolic depolarization. Using laser microdissection gene expression measured at the mRNA level (using quantitative PCR) and protein level (using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting) showed that the right ring and retroaortic node, like the sinus node and AV node but, unlike ventricular muscle, had statistically significant higher expression of key transcription factors (including Tbx3, Msx2, and Id2) and ion channels (including HCN4, Cav3.1, Cav3.2, Kv1.5, SK1, Kir3.1, and Kir3.4) and lower expression of other key ion channels (Nav1.5 and Kir2.1).
CONCLUSIONS: The AV rings and retroaortic node possess gene expression profiles similar to that of the AV node. Ion channel expression and electrophysiological recordings show the AV rings could act as ectopic pacemakers and a source of atrial tachycardia.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | e000246 |
| Journal | Journal of the American Heart Association |
| Volume | 2 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Dec 2013 |
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Keywords
- action potential
- arrhythmogenesis
- atrioventricular ring tissues
- cardiac conduction system
- ion channels
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Cite this
Functional, anatomical, and molecular investigation of the cardiac conduction system and arrhythmogenic atrioventricular ring tissue in the rat heart. / Atkinson, Andrew J.; Logantha, Sunil J.it R.J.; Hao, Guoliang; Yanni, Joseph; Fedorenko, Olga; Sinha, Aditi; Gilbert, Stephen H.; Benson, Alan P.; Buckley, David L.; Anderson, Robert H.; Boyett, Mark R.; Dobrzynski, Halina.
In: Journal of the American Heart Association, Vol. 2, No. 6, 01.12.2013, p. e000246.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Functional, anatomical, and molecular investigation of the cardiac conduction system and arrhythmogenic atrioventricular ring tissue in the rat heart
AU - Atkinson, Andrew J.
AU - Logantha, Sunil J.it R.J.
AU - Hao, Guoliang
AU - Yanni, Joseph
AU - Fedorenko, Olga
AU - Sinha, Aditi
AU - Gilbert, Stephen H.
AU - Benson, Alan P.
AU - Buckley, David L.
AU - Anderson, Robert H.
AU - Boyett, Mark R.
AU - Dobrzynski, Halina
PY - 2013/12/1
Y1 - 2013/12/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: The cardiac conduction system consists of the sinus node, nodal extensions, atrioventricular (AV) node, penetrating bundle, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers. Node-like AV ring tissue also exists at the AV junctions, and the right and left rings unite at the retroaortic node. The study aims were to (1) construct a 3-dimensional anatomical model of the AV rings and retroaortic node, (2) map electrical activation in the right ring and study its action potential characteristics, and (3) examine gene expression in the right ring and retroaortic node.METHODS AND RESULTS: Three-dimensional reconstruction (based on magnetic resonance imaging, histology, and immunohistochemistry) showed the extent and organization of the specialized tissues (eg, how the AV rings form the right and left nodal extensions into the AV node). Multiextracellular electrode array and microelectrode mapping of isolated right ring preparations revealed robust spontaneous activity with characteristic diastolic depolarization. Using laser microdissection gene expression measured at the mRNA level (using quantitative PCR) and protein level (using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting) showed that the right ring and retroaortic node, like the sinus node and AV node but, unlike ventricular muscle, had statistically significant higher expression of key transcription factors (including Tbx3, Msx2, and Id2) and ion channels (including HCN4, Cav3.1, Cav3.2, Kv1.5, SK1, Kir3.1, and Kir3.4) and lower expression of other key ion channels (Nav1.5 and Kir2.1).CONCLUSIONS: The AV rings and retroaortic node possess gene expression profiles similar to that of the AV node. Ion channel expression and electrophysiological recordings show the AV rings could act as ectopic pacemakers and a source of atrial tachycardia.
AB - BACKGROUND: The cardiac conduction system consists of the sinus node, nodal extensions, atrioventricular (AV) node, penetrating bundle, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers. Node-like AV ring tissue also exists at the AV junctions, and the right and left rings unite at the retroaortic node. The study aims were to (1) construct a 3-dimensional anatomical model of the AV rings and retroaortic node, (2) map electrical activation in the right ring and study its action potential characteristics, and (3) examine gene expression in the right ring and retroaortic node.METHODS AND RESULTS: Three-dimensional reconstruction (based on magnetic resonance imaging, histology, and immunohistochemistry) showed the extent and organization of the specialized tissues (eg, how the AV rings form the right and left nodal extensions into the AV node). Multiextracellular electrode array and microelectrode mapping of isolated right ring preparations revealed robust spontaneous activity with characteristic diastolic depolarization. Using laser microdissection gene expression measured at the mRNA level (using quantitative PCR) and protein level (using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting) showed that the right ring and retroaortic node, like the sinus node and AV node but, unlike ventricular muscle, had statistically significant higher expression of key transcription factors (including Tbx3, Msx2, and Id2) and ion channels (including HCN4, Cav3.1, Cav3.2, Kv1.5, SK1, Kir3.1, and Kir3.4) and lower expression of other key ion channels (Nav1.5 and Kir2.1).CONCLUSIONS: The AV rings and retroaortic node possess gene expression profiles similar to that of the AV node. Ion channel expression and electrophysiological recordings show the AV rings could act as ectopic pacemakers and a source of atrial tachycardia.
KW - action potential
KW - arrhythmogenesis
KW - atrioventricular ring tissues
KW - cardiac conduction system
KW - ion channels
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84896423078&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84896423078&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1161/JAHA.113.000246
DO - 10.1161/JAHA.113.000246
M3 - Article
C2 - 24356527
AN - SCOPUS:84896423078
VL - 2
SP - e000246
JO - Journal of the American Heart Association
JF - Journal of the American Heart Association
SN - 2047-9980
IS - 6
ER -